When preparing to help a male patient shave, why does the nurse first review the patient's medical history?

Reviewing the patient's medical history before assisting with shaving is crucial primarily to determine the patient's risk of bleeding. Shaving involves the use of sharp blades, and for patients with certain conditions, such as those on anticoagulant therapy or with bleeding disorders, there may be a heightened risk of cuts and excessive bleeding.

By understanding the patient's medical history, including any medications that affect clotting or conditions that compromise blood vessels or skin integrity, the nurse can take appropriate precautions. This might involve using safer shaving methods, applying pressure to minor cuts, or ensuring that a safer electric razor is used instead of a traditional blade.

Understanding the patient's shaving preferences, dominant hand, or ability to perform the task independently, while important in terms of patient care, do not take precedence over ensuring patient safety regarding potential bleeding issues. Thus, determining the risk of bleeding is the most critical reason for reviewing the medical history prior to aiding with shaving.